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How does government funding work?

The diversity of the German research system is also reflected in its funding. The so-called financing sector consists of Germany's government, industry, foundations and private non-profit organisations as well as foreign donors, which include, above all, the European Union.

Infographic on the gross domestic expenditure of Germany on research and development

The so-called performing sectors are higher education institutions, government institutions (i.e. publicly funded R&D organisations), business enterprises and private non-profit organisations. Many of them are not only funded by government, but also by third-party funding from industry or funds from abroad. Conversely, private research by industry can also receive a certain element of public funding (see diagram).

What are the criteria for funding?

Germany's Federal Government research funding is intended to finance the development of new ideas and technologies. Funds are made available for a broad spectrum of research: this ranges from basic research in the natural sciences and structural research funding at higher education institutions to innovation support and technology transfer.

The criteria for research funding are

Level of innovation: How innovative is a project from the research or technological perspective?
Risks/imponderables: Are there any scientific or technical obstacles or challenges that could jeopardise or prevent the objective from being achieved?
Proper planning: Does the work have precisely defined tasks of a scientific or technical nature with clearly defined goals?
Transfer: Is the invention transferable or reproducible?

Who receives funding?

Public-sector research funding is provided to support research institutions and commercial companies, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The funding of individuals is not permitted. Individual funding is awarded by research funding organisations like the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).

How is research funding implemented?

Research funding is usually oriented towards certain research fields. At the same time, however, there are several cross-departmental measures organised in an interdisciplinary way. The funding database of the Federal Government provides information about the funding programmes of the Federal Government, the Länder and the European Union (only in German).

More information:

Federal Funding Advisory Service on Research and Innovation

Do you have any questions concerning research and innovation funding in Germany? The Federal Funding Advisory Service on Research and Innovation is the central point of contact. Its duties include identifying suitable funding programmes, advising on the federal, state and EU research and funding landscape, assisting in the classification of project ideas and recommending specialist partners:

www.foerderinfo.bund.de

Funding catalogue of Federal Government project funding

Here you can find out about more than 300,000 completed or ongoing research projects funded by the Federal Government:

www.foerderportal.bund.de > Förderkatalog (only in German)

Current announcements

Here you will find an overview of all current calls for proposals for research funding published by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF):

www.internationales-buero.de > Current Announcements