FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft is one of the world’s leading organisations for applied research. The currently 76 independent institutes of this association cover a wide range of fields, including health and environment, security and protection, communication and knowledge, transport and mobility, energy and resources as well as production and the provision of services. Fraunhofer works mainly on behalf of contractors in industry or the public sector. info@zv.fraunhofer.de, www.fraunhofer.com HELMHOLTZ ASSOCIATION Helmholtz is Germany’s largest scientific organisation. Its 18 research centers run some of the most important large-scale research facilities and scientific infrastructures in Europe. Helmholtz focuses on six research fields: energy, earth and environment, health, information, matter, and aeronautics, space and trans- port. The Helmholtz centers cover the entire spectrum from basic to application-oriented research. org@helmholtz.de, www.helmholtz.de LEIBNIZ ASSOCIATION The Leibniz Association connects 97 independent research institutions that range in focus from the natural, engineering and environmental sciences to economic, spatial and social sciences and the humanities. Leibniz Institutes address issues of social, economic and ecological relevance and provide advice to policy-makers, academia, business and the public. They conduct knowledge-driven and applied basic research, maintain scientific infrastructure and provide research-based services. international@leibniz-association.eu, www.leibniz-association.eu MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science is one of Germany’s largest independent, non-profit research organisations. More than 13,000 researchers, postdocs, PhD students, scholarship holders and visiting researchers at 86 Max Planck institutes and research facilities conduct basic research in the natural sciences, life sciences, social sciences and humanities. The focus is on innovative research fields that are especially demanding in terms of funding or time requirements. www.mpg.de 17